Electric heater.



J. afnam'. WI Gomes,

ELEcTmc HEATER.- APPLICTI'* FlLED DEC. fh 1916.

; Pmliar( 12, 19m

of Cook and State of Illinois,

- STATES Ara'iiiia'i formen. [L

Joint :anne Nn LLoYn w. eoLmiza, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, hssIcNons '.r'o METAL SPECIALTIES HANFACTUIQING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORA- TIO'N 0F ILLINOIS.

Insomnio nanna To all 'whom t may concern.-

Be it known that we, JOHN BERG and LLoYn W. Gonone, citizens of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electric Heaters, of vwhich 'the following is a speci- This Jinvention. ,relates particularlyl to.

small portable electric heaters which may be `usefully employed in various situations, as, for instance, for the purpose of keepin the engine' and radiator ofan automobi e warm in an unheated garage.

The primary object of the present inven` tion is to provide a heater of the character metal surfaces without A`als v will be usefully 'emplgyed drawings', in which-- requisite freezing of 4the ately warm and prevent waterin the radiator. p I

AA further object' of vthe invention is to provide for eilective radiationy of the heat developed by the electric current", in order that the electrical devicewill not itself become overheated, and the heat developed in maintainin the desired temperature "beneath the hoo of the automobile. g i The invention is illustrated' in its preferred embodiment in the-accompanying Fi re 1 tiona view of an electric represents a in accordance with our invention, the sec-". 2; Fig. 2.,.

tion being taken atv line l of Fig. a transverse sectional viewtaken at line 2 of Fig. 1'; Fi 3, anend elevational view of the pair of insulating cores employed and the windings and connections thereof;' Fig.

4 an inner view of the casingcap shown at the left-hand end oijig. 1,

insulating sheet the view showing brclcenly an internal ipecition ot Letters Patent.

longitudinal sec-A l heater constructed employed within larged sectional view of one of the cores, showing the windings thereon; Fig. 6, a broken vertical'sectional view taken as indicated at line 6 of Fig. 4, and showing a detailv of the manner in which the foraminous shell .employed as a casing is connected with and supported by\t he end cap; F1 e f7, afragmentary view ofa'relatively so t asbestfos core employed in connection with the relatively hard asbestos core, said -core serving as -a .spacer of the convolutions of the naked wire windingsby reason of the fact that the core is readily deformed or indented by the wire when it is wound tightly upon the core. Y

In the illustration given, A. represents a :Eoraminous metal shell which isJ itted with metal caps A1, A2 thus providing a perorate casing for th heatergf/B, B1, a pair of coresof insulatx'lig material connected at their ends with t (e end caps of the casing or shell; and C, C1, bare wire windings on said cores. Each of the coresB, B1, preferably comprises an tively large diameter and an asbestos tube ,2 of relatively small diameter itted snugly therein and having projecting extremities, which thusaiord reduced extremities for the cores.A These asbestos tubes are comparatively hard and iirin, being preferably -formedof very tightly wound asbestos paper, the plies of paper being united by a hinder, if desired. Thus, the cores are provided with comparatively hard outer surfaces upon which the bare wire forming the resistance element is tightly wound. Preparatory to winding the wire on the core,

the coreis preparatorily provided with longitudinally-disposed strips or cords 3 of comparatively soft insulating material. asbestos cord formed of long and somewhat loosely twisted or woven asbestos ber serves the purpose admirably. Anumber of these cords may be preparatorily secured to the core in any 'desired manner, after which the wire may be wound tightly upon ,the core,

` the result being that the convolutions of the wire indent or deform the longitudinal strips?) so that the convolutions are thereby eiectually separated from each other, notwithstanding the fact th'atthe surface of the asbestos core proper is A'so firm or comparathe cap; Fig. 5, an enasbestos tube 1 of rela' Patented. Mar. 12, 191s.'

` Appiioaaon am member 4,1m. serials. 134,953.

and

tively hard that the convolutions of the wire might slip into Contact with each other, were it not Afor thev relatively soft longitudinal spacers employed.

In constructing the device, each core is wound separately, and the wire is secured near its extremities to pins or screws 4 which are entered or driven into the cores near the ends thereof. The reduced ends of the cores are fitted at one end of the device with binding rings 5 and 6, and are fitted at the other end of the device with binding rings 7 and 8. The binding rings 5 and 6 are in the form of clamping rings which are fitted with clamping screws 9, each of which is euipped with a pair of nuts as shown. The a jacent extremities of the wires pass through the clamping screws 9 and are secured to said clamping screws by being clam ed between the nuts thereof. One extremity of each of the clampin `rings 5 and 6 is provided, res ectivel with an extension or arm 5 an 6l which are united by a screw-bolt 10.

The opposite ends of the wires forming.

the .windings'are connected with the binding rings 7 and 8, which are in the form of clamping rings fitted with clamping screws 11 which are equipped with pairs of nuts which serve to clamp the extremities of conductors 12, which enter the shell through an insulating ferrule 13 which extends through the end cap A1.

The casing is preferably of flattened or of somewhat oval cross-section, as shown in Fig. 2. The shell A may be formed from a thin foraminous sheet of metal which is bent or curved into the desired form, the longitudinal edge portions of the plate being overlapped, as indicated at .14. The opposite sides of the shell are united by a central post 15, one end of which is riveted to the overlapped edge-portion and the other end of which is riveted to the opposite wall of the shell. The post or`transverse support 15 is shouldered, so that the opposite walls of the shell are secured in properly s aced relation.

The en caps A1 and A2 are provided with flanges 16 which tit over the ends 0f the shell; and the end ca s are also provided with inwardly struc lugs 17 which are disposedbeneath the end portions of the walls of the shell in alinement with the post 15so that the broad sides of the shell are supported and spaced at their ends by the lugs 17 in additlon to bein supported and spaced at a central point y the 0st 15. The detail of the end capsrefer/e to will be understood from Figs. 4 and The ,ferrule 13 extends through a central per surface of the end cap. The ferrule also extends through a pronged spring-washer 18 disposed adjacent the inner face of the cap A1, which thus serves as a retainer for the ferrule.

The cores B, B1 are supported between the end caps by means of bolts 19 which extend through the end caps and cores and clamp the end caps against the cores and also against the ends of the shell A. Insulating sheets 20 are interposed between the ends of the cores and the inner surfaces of the end caps. The sheets 20 may be of asbestos, if desired. These insulating sheets serve to prevent the electrical connections from coming in contact with the ends of the metal casing. The cores and their supporting bolts are disposed on opposite sides of the intermediate post 15.

.In the use of the device, the electric current enters through one of the conductors 12, passes through the winding on one of the cores, then through the connecting rings 5 and 6 to the winding on the other core, and finally back through the otherl conductor 12 to the source of electrical supply.

A structure of the character described is durable and may be thrown under the hood of an automobile without in'ury to the device and without danger of s ort-circuiting. It is constructed to withstand the rough usage to which it is subjected in and about a garage. The structure lends itself to convenience in the manufacture of the parts alo and in the assembling thereof, so that the 4claims should be construed as broadlyl as permissible in view of the prior art.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatent is 1.1In an electric heater of the character set forth, a core of insulating material having a comparatively hard surface, a relatively soft insulating strip on said core, and a naked wire winding on said core having its convolutions indenting said soft insulating strip which thus servest as a spacer for sa1d convolutions. I

2. In an electric heater of the character set forth, a pair of cores of insulating material having comparativel hard surfaces, relatively soft longitudina insulating strips on said cores, naked wire windings on sa1d cores having their convolutions indenting said longitudinal insulating strips and spaced thereby, velectrical connections between said wire windings at one end of said cores, and conductors connected with said windings at the oppositel end of said cores. 3. In an electric heater, the combination of a foraminous metal shell, a pair of end caps therefor, insulating sheets adjacent the inner surfaces of said end caps, a pair of cores having reduced extremities disposed adjacent said insulating sheets, binding rings on the reduced extremities of said cores, the binding rings at one end of the device being connected together, Wire Windings on said cores connected with said binding rings, conductors connected With the binding rings which are not joined together,

said conductors extending through the edijacent end cap of the heater, and bolts ex- JOHN BERG. LLOYD W. GLDER, 

